The assessment of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and central venous pressure (CVP) has emerged as a pivotal aspect in the optimisation of haemodynamic management across a range of clinical settings.

The treatment of choice for proximal venous thrombosis is anticoagulation. In situations where anticoagulation is absolutely contraindicated or when anticoagulation has failed in the face of an acute ...

The inferior vena cava (also known as IVC or the posterior vena cava) is a large vein that carries oxygen-depleted blood from the torso and lower body to the right side of the heart. From there the ...

The vena cava is a large vein that collects blood from either the upper or lower half of your body. It receives blood from several smaller veins. This is blood with the oxygen removed that the vena ...