A Texas judge on Thursday ordered a New York doctor to pay more than $100,000 in penalties for prescribing abortion pills to a woman near Dallas, a ruling that could test “shield laws” in Democratic-controlled states where abortion is legal.

It is the first ruling in a case challenging “shield laws” intended to protect doctors in states that support abortion rights who send abortion pills to states with bans.

New York passed a law in late December called the Climate Change Superfund Act, which seeks to recover $75 billion from fossil fuel energy providers who emitted greenhouse gas in New York from 2000 to 2018.

The New York Stock Exchange announced plans to reincorporate NYSE Chicago to NYSE Texas, headquartered in Dallas.

They shared the same name, Dirt Candy, and a devotion to healthy food. But a trademark dispute turned into an urban-rural standoff.

AG Ken Paxton says the New York law, creating a climate superfund, illegally targets the nation’s fossil fuel industry.

A New York doctor’s alleged decision to send abortion pills to patients in Texas and Louisiana has pitted the Empire State’s shield law against the two conservative states’ abortion bans, which are among the strictest in the country.

Volaris Airlines, a major carrier throughout Mexico, recently announced dozens of new routes from the United States.

"Texas is the most powerful economy in the nation," Texas governor Greg Abbott said in a statement.

The ruling against a New York doctor who mailed pills to a Texas woman could have major implications for abortion pill access across state lines.

New York enacted its telehealth abortion shield law in 2023, one year after the reversal of Roe v. Wade. The law bans local law enforcement from sharing information with other states and prohibits the governor from agreeing to hand over doctors who are accused of breaking other states’ abortion laws.