The One Big Beautiful Bill Act was signed into law with revisions to key mining policies. While the legislation boosts ...

China has a long history of dam construction and water control, dating back to the Qin dynasty. 28 This tradition continues today, though modern projects on the Tibetan Plateau come with consequences ...

Russia’s poor performance has likely been caused by several factors: the Russian military’s reliance on dismounted infantry and mechanized forces to take Ukrainian territory, Russia’s failure to use ...

The data reveals notable patterns: Starting in September 2024, Shahed drone launches escalated sharply. Before this period, the average weekly launch rate was around 130. Within six months, the rate ...

Executive Summary The Russia-Ukraine war has emerged as a watershed moment in modern military history, fundamentally reshaping our understanding of contemporary warfare. This white paper analyzes five ...

In April 2023, the U.S. International Trade Association noted that “the Government of Panama is giving mining the opportunity to become the country’s second-largest economic sector, after the Panama ...

A New Form of Statecraft For years, analysts have discussed cyber operations in the context of “ hybrid warfare ” or as a form of “ gray-zone tactics.” However, this use of cyberspace is typically ...

There have been different accounts from the administration on how reciprocity is going to be calculated. The initial idea was outlined in the February 13, 2025, presidential memorandum directing the ...

Resetting the United States’ Focus on Congolese Mining There is now a unique window of opportunity to build U.S.-DRC minerals cooperation, for two emerging reasons. First, the intensifying conflict ...

While Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan all have the authority to impose end-user restrictions, their end-user authorities are more limited than the U.S. Entity List. For example, Japan’s end-user list ...

China has rapidly established itself as the world’s dominant shipbuilding power, marginalizing the United States and its allies in a strategically important industry. In addition to building massive ...

The Issue China’s near monopolistic control of many critical minerals, which are essential for both for consumer products and defense production, represents an unacceptable risk to the national ...